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Hover over the labels above to understand Open Access, Member, and Affiliate.

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Free access to Masticationpedia’s introductory content, designed to help you orient yourself within the project and understand its clinical and conceptual framework.

It allows you to:

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• explore language, models, and the epistemological framework

It does not include access to the full Book Index chapters nor editorial participation.

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It is a form of ongoing responsibility toward the construction of the Ψ Index diagnostic model.

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       The Book Index as a working map

Masticationpedia’s Book Index is not the table of contents of a finished book nor the final structure of a manual. It is a continuously evolving editorial and scientific working map.

The sections and chapters listed here do not represent a didactic pathway, but the points where clinical practice reveals fractures, anomalies, and paradigm limits that must be addressed without simplification.

“The Ψ Index is a clinical criterion, but it is born within a paradigm crisis: it does not only measure data, it reorganizes their interpretation.”

• Some chapters are complete, others partial; others are present as conceptual nodes.
• The order of the index is not final: it may change, be reorganized, or expanded.
• The Book Index does not contain final answers: it contains the conditions of their necessity.

       Sections and chapters evolve together with the project’s clinical and methodological work.

Normal Science

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Introduction

• Logic of medical language
  • The logic of classical language
  • The logic of the probabilistic
  • Fuzzy language logic
  • System logic
• The Complex Systems
• Logic of medical language: Introduction to quantum-like probability in the masticatory system
• Conclusions on the status quo in the logic of medical language regarding the masticatory system

Hemimasticatory spasm

• 1° Clinical case: Emimasticatory spasm
  • Encrypted code: Ephaptic transmission

Bruxism

• 2° Clinical case: Pineal Cavernoma
  • Encrypted code: Hyperexcitability of the trigeminal system

Occlusion and Posture

• 3° Clinical case: Meningioma
  • Encrypted code: Bilateral Motor Evoked Potentials of trigeminal root

Orofacial Pain

• 4° Clinical case: Temporomandibular disorders
• 5° Clinical case: Spontaneous Electromyographic Activity

Are we sure to know everything?

• 6° Clinical case: Facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy
• 7° Clinical case: Brainstem neoplasm in Orofacial pain

Section closing

• Conclusion of the ‘Normal Science’ section

Paradigm Crisis

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Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC)

• Jaw movements analysis: Electrognathographic Replicator
  • Transverse hinge axis
  • Vertical Hinge Axis
  • The magic of the condylar sphere

Jaw movements analysis: Pantographic replicator

• Intercondylar distance
• Advantages and limits of pantography

Jaw movements analysis: Axiographic replicator

• Interfacial distance
• Advantages and limits of axiography

Electromyography (EMG)

• EMG interference pattern
• Resting EMG
• Quantitative EMG analysis
• Fourier transform
• Wavelets

Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation

• Intraocclusal free space
  • The mysterious “muscle tone”
• TENS closing trajectories

Beyond the RDC

• Clinical Electromyography
• Artificial Neural Networks: Automatic Neuromuscular Diagnostic

• Trigeminal neurophysiopathology
• Trigeminal Nociceptive Evaluation in TMD Patients by studying CO2-Laser Evoked Potentials and Masseter Laser Silent Periods
• Electrical and Magnetic Stimulation of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System:Modeling of Generated Fields and Data Interpretation
• Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Brain Plasticity in Post-Stroke Recovery
• Pain pathophysiology
• Role of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Pain
• Neuronal Basis of Neuropathic Pain and Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Antiepileptic Drugs
• Use of functional MRI (fMRI) in pain research
• Neuroradiology in craniofacial pain

Section closing

• Conclusions of the paradigm crisis section

Index |Ψ$⟩$

---

Contributors to the |Ψ$⟩$ Index:

Gianni Frisardi · Kemal Sitki Türker · Andrei Khrennikov · Diego Centonze · Flavio Frisardi

The $\mid \mathrm{\Psi }⟩$ Index is a collaborative paradigm under continuous development.

PART I — PREPARATION FOR THE CONCEPT OF INDEX $\mid \mathrm{\Psi }⟩$

<details> <summary>Show / hide chapters</summary>

When Normal Science fails: a clinical anomaly that opens the problem

Levels of clinical observation: change of informational scale

Crisis of the absolute value: instability of the clinical number

Non-commutative variables in clinical practice: the order of information matters

Magnitude and phase without anchoring: why any generic index fails

Noise, encrypted signal and clinical phase: non-evident information

</details>

PART II — THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE INDEX $\mid \mathrm{\Psi }⟩$

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Why ∣Ψ⟩: the state as a non-observable description of the clinical system

Symmetry and system stability: relation as information

Adimensionality: why a clinical state cannot depend on units of measurement

Normalization: from individual data to system comparability

The Index as a vector: why a number alone does not describe a state

Clinical phase: the non-evident information that distinguishes apparently similar states

The trigeminal biological constant: a physiological scale in which only the last decimals move

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PART III – TOWARDS EXTRAORDINARY SCIENCE

Note to the reader

This section does not present a completed model.
It presents the construction pathway of the Index $\mid \mathrm{\Psi }⟩$.
Each section is open to revision, discussion, and critical contributions.

<details> <summary>Show / hide construction steps</summary>

Foundational decision: why absolute data are not sufficient

The trigeminal biological constant: a physiological scale in which only the last decimals move

Symmetry: defined as system error

Elementary asymmetries: construction and clinical meaning

_bRoot-MEPs → $\alpha$: structural normalizer of the system

Masticatory reflexes → ${\beta }_i$: aggregation as clinical observables

Error → Order: logarithmic transformation (Neperian)

Decimals: control of $\tau$ and $\kappa$

Excitability state → $\chi$: insertion as a state variable

Index $\mid \mathrm{\Psi }⟩$: interpretation as a clinical state

Phase: state transfer and the role of semantic AI

Logical closure: internal coherence of the model

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