Modifica di System logic (sezione)

===Dental clinical indices===  

There are 'Indices' that can be considered elements of System Logic as objective data, such as the 'Henderson-Hasselbalch equation' (for blood pH analysis) and other 'Indices' developed in the medical field in disparate disciplines.<ref>{{cita libro 
 | autore = Xiao W 
 | autore2 = Yang Y
 | autore3 = Shi J
 | autore4 = Xu J
 | autore5 = Zhu J
 | titolo = The diagnostic efficacy and predictive value of combined lipoprotein laboratory indexes for atherosclerosis
 | url = https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+diagnostic+efficacy+and+predictive+value+of+combined+lipoprotein...-a0653913341
 | volume = 
 | opera = J Pak Med Assoc
 | anno = 2020
 | editore = 
 | città = 
 | PMID = 33177739
 | ISBN = 
 | DOI = 
 | oaf = <!-- qualsiasi valore -->
 | LCCN = 
 | OCLC = 
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</ref><ref>{{cita libro 
 | autore = Ferraro D
 | autore2 = Bedin R
 | autore3 = Natali P
 | autore4 = Franciotta D
 | autore5 = Smolik K
 | autore6 = Santangelo M
 | autore7 = Immovilli P
 | autore8 = Camera V
 | autore9 = Vitetta F
 | autore10 = Gastaldi M
 | autore11 = Trenti T
 | autore12 = Meletti S
 | autore13 = Sola P
 | titolo =  Kappa Index versus CSF Oligoclonal Bands in Predicting Multiple Sclerosis and Infectious/Inflammatory CNS Disorders
 | url = https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/10/856/pdf?version=1603436673
 | volume = 
 | opera = Diagnostics (Basel)
 | anno = 2020
 | editore = MDPI
 | città = 
 | ISBN = 
 | DOI = 10.3390/diagnostics10100856
 | PMID = 33096861
 | PMCID = PMC7589948
 | oaf = yes<!-- qualsiasi valore -->
 | LCCN = 
 | OCLC = 
 }}</ref><ref>{{cita libro 
 | autore = Kayadibi H
 | autore2 = Yilmaz B
 | autore3 = Ozgur Yeniova A
 | autore4 = Koseoglu H
 | autore5 = Simsek Z
 | titolo = Development and evaluation of a novel noninvasive index for predicting significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection
 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33177385/
 | volume = 
 | opera = Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.
 | anno = 2021
 | editore = 
 | città = 
 | ISBN = 
 | DOI = 10.1097/MEG.0000000000001973
 | PMID = 33177385
 | PMCID = 
 | oaf = <!-- qualsiasi valore -->
 | LCCN = 
 | OCLC = 
 }}</ref>  

A test, a normative reference datum or an 'Index' (as well as a 'Constant') are strategies related to mathematical-statistical models that generate data. These data are mandatory for the accuracy of the diagnosis, for the differential diagnosis as well as for the therapeutic guidelines. On these reference data, in the times of scientific dental history, implementations and modifications have been generated but also uncertainties and beliefs that in the form of axioms or schools of thought have set guidelines that are not always scientifically justifiable, and sometimes untrue.